Different Perspectives

You can look at things from different points of view. And this can help in almost everything you do.

Look at each new point of view as a degree of freedom in understanding. The more degrees of freedom, the more independently your thoughts can move.

With each new degree of freedom, concepts that you once thought of as constant can now change. Perhaps things you once took for granted can become emergent truths of your new frame of mind.

Or become surprisingly refutable.

One thing is certainly true: if you don't at least try to look at things from different perspectives, you become stagnant.

Degrees of Freedom

Look for a dimension along which there is some give and take. Perhaps things are not completely fixed and immutable.

When technology changes, for instance, slippage occurs and a new dimension of possibility opens up. This can cause disruption.

Once it was cheap to send megabytes through the Internet, intangibles like music and movies could be easily sent.

Record stores and video stores died.

So find that degree of freedom before it finds you.

Human Interface

With true-color displays and greater ability to compute, transparency became possible in interfaces. A new dimension opened up: opacity. But in this case, a little overuse quickly showed that things could get confusing.

Nonetheless, in modeless situations that are optional, such as heads-up displays, inspectors, and the like, transparency does still get used.

In UI, transparency really refers to whether the use of a control is obvious. Aside from this attribute, ergonomics and simplicity are also paramount design considerations.

To make an interface item cool without regard to its function is simply gratuitous. I have certainly done that from time to time, but I suspect those days are over. Or are they?

The use of three-dimensional interfaces is another interesting design consideration.

There have been a few attempts at creating fully three-dimensional interfaces, such as SGI's button-fly interface. Our approach to three-dimensional interface is much more sophisticated today, and integrated into our workflow.

Two-year-olds and grandmas alike have been brought to the computer as never before by glass and multitouch.

Nonetheless, Minecraft is quite popular, as is Spore and The Sims, all three-dimensional worlds manipulated directly. It's important to teach three-dimensional thinking.

And it is true that some interfaces appear to be three-dimensional, like Apple's cover flow. Put simply, magic counts.

But form still follows function.

Fit Together

Things must fit together and dovetail perfectly. Seamlessness counts. When human interfaces are inconsistent, something feels wrong. Even to two-year-olds and grandmas.

Both workmanship and workflow fall into one category now: fit.

Once again, when you consider fit as a guide rule, suddenly things might reorganize themselves in a wholly different way. A new pattern emerges because you discovered the right degree of freedom to work from. You found the right perspective.

Did things ever line up quite so right?

The value of your creative output is at stake.

Transparency: the Way of the Future?

Is full transparency in government a good thing?

Disruption

I believe the ascendence of wikipedia.org as a collaborative knowledge base has had a significant positive effect on the general access to knowledge. But it has also had a significant negative effect on existing encyclopedias. Recently, the venerable Encyclopedia Brittanica announced their final print edition. Really, it is no great surprise that an online knowledge base can be disruptive in this way. This is really quite similar to the disruption of printed news media (such as newspapers) by online new sources. But there are other ways that wikis can disrupt.

Wikileaks

The concept of a wiki is a compendium of material with contributions from several authors. There is a specific wiki called wikileaks.org that amasses secret material and publishes it, run by Julian Assange and his associates. The contributors are whistleblowers everywhere. Many of the contributions are centered on the secret doings of governments.

The interest in such wikis is fed by the conspiracy theorist and the popularization of the idea that governments are bad. That they are doing bad things. But weighing individual privacy against the common security is not a simple black-and-white issue.

That being said, I do believe that governments should not act unchecked. Doing evil "in the national interest" is wrong.

Wikileaks has the potential of disrupting a government's ability to operate. Perhaps they believe they can level the playing field between governments by rendering every government transparent. Perhaps they naïvely believe they are only seeking the truth. Unfortunately, they have done little to render Russia transparent, or Iran, or North Korea. Or even China. They have primarily been concentrating on the United States. Indeed, in some countries, if journalists attempt to render those countries transparent they will simply be murdered. Witness, for example, the purported state-supported murders of Anna Politovskaya and Alexander Litvinenko. Some countries simply have a history of dissuading whistleblowers by making sad examples of them.

It is doubtful wikileaks has the balls to assail any of these countries.

What this has done is to make it less possible for the United States (and some other target countries) to operate in the diplomatic arena, and consequently it lends a strong an advantage to their competitors. This is inevitable. And the trend is to only publish material from countries that are relatively easily penetrated: free countries. This disadvantage is coming soon to your country.

Competition between countries is not just political, or concerned with human rights. It also is about economic prevalence. Countries such as Russia, with its oil and natural gas pipeline that nearly controls Europe economically, and China, with its control over cheaply-made electronics (due to their singular labor policies compared with other countries) and its near-monopoly on rare earth elements, owes its prosperity to the influx of currency from other countries. It is a strong motivation these days: perhaps the only motivation that actually counts to China.

Transparency is not good for negotiation. Without it, countries can operate in secret. Keeping their agenda secret while they strive to achieve their goals is actually key to success. A level playing field would make things better for negotiation. Ironically, the playing field is being made less level by wikileaks.

The kind of transparency that wikileaks.org offers is total transparency. They constantly work to reveal everything they can: entire full sets of diplomatic dispatches, even full sets of military communiques. This will naturally reveal plenty of stuff that could be necessary for a country's economic survival.

Indeed, it would be to a competitor's advantage to extract such information and provide it to wikileaks. Whether this has actually happened is something I can't really verify, because wikileaks scrupulously seeks to anonymize the information, scrubbing away email MIME headers (so you can't be sure the emails were genuine in the first place!), zeroing empty blocks, and redacting content that could reveal their source.

If the publishing of the information is a crime, then they are accomplices and co-conspirators. But how do you prove that the information is true? You can't. They have scrubbed away all that can be used to prove it true. And if you independently verify one piece of information, can you trust the rest if you can't say where it actually came from? I doubt that wikileaks even knows whether the information they post is true or not. They may not even know for certain where it came from. Which makes the publishing of the information an incredibly questionable activity.

Wikileaks has also revealed information about companies as well, such as Bank of America. I am sure it would love to reveal information about people as well.

So, when Julian Assange commits a sexually predatory act in Sweden, for instance, he should be glad that such things can be transparent. And he should be glad to participate in a transparent legal process there, right? No. He is a hypocrite. It's OK to reveal other people's secrets. But when his secrets get revealed, then he objects! And fails to own his actions.

Hacktivism

Hacktivism, hacking for the purposes of vigilante social justice, has been on the rise. The Anonymous group is famous for hacking in retaliation for the removal of credit card support in wikileaks. Really, anything they set their collective minds to, if they think it represents an injustice, is cause for a retaliatory hack. This makes them judge, jury, and executioner for their brand of justice.

Many of the Anonymous crowd also perpetrate hacks that simply reveal lists of credit card numbers and email accounts and passwords. Don't they know that the rogue and state-supported Chinese and Eastern European hack squads are going to exploit these? They disrupt businesses like Sony's Playstation accounts. These acts are essentially criminal acts. And if they aren't criminal acts, they almost certainly lead to them.

In some ways, hacktivism can also produce effects that may be useful, such as making us aware that we should change our passwords. But these are secondary, reactive effects, and not the ones that they were seeking to accomplish. Not by a long shot.

Really, such lawless acts are indefensible. In this day and age where so much is constantly being attacked by Chinese hack squads, why don't these hackers join the good guys and help to build better defenses against the barrage of cyberattacks? There is a real need, and they have the talent. Please, Anonymous, step forwards and help. And I'm not talking about defacing Chinese government web sites.

Perhaps the FBI will have to bust these hackers and conscript them, like they did Sabu.

Either way, we need to get organized to fight cyberattacks and cyberterrorism.

Even if laws could keep up with technology, there are still Chinese state-supported hack squads to deal with. Maybe wikileaks will try to keep them accountable. Sure.

The Moral

Those interested in transparency and who are eager to reveal things must own their actions and practice what they preach. An anonymous hack is an asymmetric form of warfare. Not exactly transparent, is it?